{"id":15839,"date":"2026-04-25T19:06:30","date_gmt":"2026-04-25T16:06:30","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=15839"},"modified":"2026-04-25T19:06:31","modified_gmt":"2026-04-25T16:06:31","slug":"%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%a5%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%b7%d8%a7%d9%87%d8%b1-%d8%a3%d8%a8%d9%88-%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%af-%d9%84%d9%80%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%b4%d8%b1%d9%88%d9%82-%d9%86%d8%aa-%d9%85%d8%b4%d8%b1","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=15839","title":{"rendered":"\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062a”: \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631: \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a<\/strong><\/p>\n

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\u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f “\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f” \u0644\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062a” \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629\u060c \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u062c\u0627\u0646\u0628 \u0635\u0642\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0644\u0645 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0631\u0628\u0629\u060c \u064a\u0645\u062b\u0644\u0627\u0646 \u062d\u062c\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f \u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u0648\u0627\u0643\u0628\u0629 \u062a\u0637\u0648\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u062d\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0645\u0624\u062b\u0631 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632.<\/p>\n

** <\/strong>\u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0631\u0649 \u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u062a\u0643 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>– \u064a\u0633\u0639\u062f\u0646\u064a \u062f\u0627\u0626\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0645\u0639\u0643\u0645\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0630\u0647 \u0644\u064a\u0633\u062a \u0632\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649\u060c \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0643\u0644 \u0645\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u0632\u062f\u0627\u062f \u0641\u062e\u0631\u064b\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0643\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0629.<\/p>\n

** \u0643\u064a\u0641 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0645\u061f<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>– <\/strong>\u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u0629\u060c \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u0634\u0647\u062f\u062a \u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0627\u0641\u062a\u064b\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628\u060c \u0648\u0647\u0646\u0627\u0643 “\u0646\u0648\u0627\u0629 \u062d\u0642\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629” \u0644\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0642\u0627\u062f\u0631 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0623\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0628\u0644\u0629\u060c \u0628\u0641\u0636\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062c\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0648\u0627\u0636\u062d \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0641\u0643\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0629.<\/p>\n

\"\"<\/p>\n

** \u0641\u064a \u0638\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629.. \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u062a\u0647\u0627\u061f<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>– \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u0647\u0648 \u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u062c\u0627\u0645\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0623\u0636\u0627\u0641\u062a \u0628\u064f\u0639\u062f\u064b\u0627 \u0645\u0647\u0645\u064b\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629. \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0648\u0639 \u064a\u062e\u0644\u0642 \u062d\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u062b\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0643\u0631\u064a \u0648\u064a\u0645\u0646\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062e\u0628\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0623\u0648\u0633\u0639\u060c \u0643\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0639\u0632\u0632 \u0631\u0648\u062d \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0625\u064a\u062c\u0627\u0628\u064a.<\/p>\n

** \u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0628\u0631\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062c\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0644\u062a\u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u062f\u0627\u0626\u0647\u0645\u061f<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>– \u0644\u0627 \u0623\u062d\u0628 \u0648\u0635\u0641\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0623\u062e\u0637\u0627\u0621\u060c \u0628\u0644 \u0647\u064a \u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f\u0627\u062a \u0641\u064a \u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642. \u0644\u0643\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0641\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0634\u0643\u0644 \u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d\u060c \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u062c\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0645\u062b\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u064a\u062c\u0628 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u064a\u0639\u0627\u0628 \u0637\u0628\u064a\u0639\u062a\u0647 \u0648\u0645\u062a\u0637\u0644\u0628\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0646\u0641\u064a\u0630. \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0645\u0642 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0641\u0627\u0635\u064a\u0644 \u064a\u0635\u0646\u0639\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642.<\/p>\n

\u0633: \u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0633\u0627\u0644\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u062f \u062a\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0646\u061f<\/strong>
\n<\/strong>– \u0623\u0642\u0648\u0644 \u0644\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0645\u0631\u0648\u0627 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062c\u062a\u0647\u0627\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0637\u0648\u064a\u0631\u060c \u0641\u0623\u0646\u062a\u0645 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0631\u064a\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0635\u062d\u064a\u062d. \u0639\u0634\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0647\u0646\u0629 \u0647\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0633\u060c \u0648\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u064a\u0623\u062a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0645\u064a\u0632 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0627\u062d\u062a\u0631\u0627\u0641.<\/p>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631: \u0646\u0628\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0648\u0645\u0627\u0646\u064a \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0647\u0627\u0645\u0634 \u0641\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0647\u0631\u062c\u0627\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0634\u0631 \u0644\u0625\u0628\u062f\u0627\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0627\u062d\u062a\u0636\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0644\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u060c \u0623\u062c\u0631\u064a\u0646\u0627 \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0645\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u062f\u064a\u0631 \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f\u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0630\u064a\u0639 \u0628\u0631\u0627\u062f\u064a\u0648 \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u0648\u0639\u0636\u0648 \u0644\u062c\u0646\u0629 \u062a\u062d\u0643\u064a\u0645 \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0630\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0644\u0641\u0632\u064a\u0648\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u062f\u0643\u0627\u0633\u062a\u060c \u0644\u0644\u0648\u0642\u0648\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u062a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0645\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0648\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0643\u0629 \u0648\u0631\u0624\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0644\u0645\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645. \u0648\u0623\u0643\u062f “\u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f” \u0644\u0640”\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062a” \u0623\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0646\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0639\u0644\u0649 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":9,"featured_media":15840,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[49],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-15839","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-49"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0627\u0644\u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0637\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0632\u064a\u062f \u0644\u0640"\u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0642 \u0646\u062a": \u0645\u0634\u0631\u0648\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0644\u0627\u0628 \u062a\u0628\u0634\u0631 \u0628\u062c\u064a\u0644 \u0625\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0639\u062f \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0627\u0641\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 \u062a\u0635\u0646\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u0631\u0642 - Shrouknet<\/title>\n<meta name=\"robots\" content=\"index, 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