{"id":12449,"date":"2025-11-28T17:24:32","date_gmt":"2025-11-28T15:24:32","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=12449"},"modified":"2025-11-28T17:24:33","modified_gmt":"2025-11-28T15:24:33","slug":"%d8%b5%d9%84%d9%8a%d8%a8-%d8%a8%d8%a7%d8%b4%d8%a7-%d8%b3%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%8a-%d8%a3%d9%88%d9%84-%d9%88%d8%b2%d9%8a%d8%b1-%d9%85%d8%af%d9%86%d9%8a-%d9%82%d8%a8%d8%b7%d9%8a-%d9%84%d9%88%d8%b2%d8%a7","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=12449","title":{"rendered":"\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a…\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a \u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"

\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\/ \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span> <\/strong><\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/p>\n

\u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647 :<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1885 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 . \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 1500 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00a0 . \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1891 \u00a0\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u062d\u0635\u0644 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0643\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0631\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1901 \u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0639\u062f\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0648\u0642\u00a0 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u062a\u062e\u0631\u062c \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1905 .<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0628\u064a\u0631 \u0639\u0646 \u0631\u0641\u0636\u0647 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0627\u064a\u0632 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0642\u064a \u0623\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 :<\/h3>\n

\u0648\u064a\u0630\u0643\u0631 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628\u00a0 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c\u00a0 \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u062f\u0631\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644\u00a0 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1898 \u060c\u0632\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0643\u0631\u0648\u0645\u0631 Earl of Cromer ( 1841- 1917 ) \u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0641\u0627\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u062f\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u062a\u0642\u0628\u0627\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062a\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u060c \u0641\u0644\u0627\u062d\u0638 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u062a\u0644\u0645\u064a\u0630 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u0648\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u060c \u0623\u0646\u0647 \u062f\u062e\u0644 \u0628\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0627\u062e\u0631\u0629 \u064a\u062a\u0642\u062f\u0645\u0647 \u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633\u0627\u0646 \u060c \u0648\u0645\u0627 \u0623\u0646 \u0648\u0642\u0641\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u0629 \u0623\u0645\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0627\u0638\u0631 \u060c \u062d\u062a\u0649 \u0627\u0633\u062a\u0644\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u064a\u0644\u0647\u062b\u0627\u0646 \u0628\u0634\u062f\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0635\u0628\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0645\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0642 \u0628\u063a\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0625\u0639\u064a\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u063a \u064a\u062b\u064a\u0631 \u0623\u0642\u0633\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0644\u0648\u0628 \u060c \u0641\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646\u0647 \u0623\u0631\u0633\u0644 \u062e\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0644\u063a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0641\u0631\u0646\u0633\u064a\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u0630\u064a\u0644\u0627 \u0628\u062a\u0648\u0642\u064a\u0639 ( \u0637\u0627\u0644\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 ) \u060c \u0642\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u0644\u0627 \u064a\u062a\u0641\u0642 \u0645\u0639 \u0645\u0639\u0627\u0644\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u064a\u062a\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0636 \u0645\u0639 \u062a\u0639\u0627\u0644\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u064a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u062a\u0646\u0645\u0648\u0646 \u0625\u0644\u064a\u0647\u0627 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u0623\u062b\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0642 \u0627\u0644\u0630\u064a \u0648\u0631\u062b\u0646\u0627\u0647 \u0639\u0646 \u0639\u0647\u0648\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0630\u0644 \u060c \u0648\u0637\u0644\u0628 \u0645\u0646\u0647 \u0627\u0646 \u064a\u0644\u063a\u064a \u0647\u0630\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0638\u0627\u0645 \u060c\u062d\u062a\u0649 \u064a\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u0642\u062f\u0648\u0629 \u0644\u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062a . \u0648\u0643\u0645\u0627 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u0631\u062d\u0647 \u0639\u0638\u064a\u0645\u0627 \u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0634\u0627\u0647\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0644\u0648\u0631\u062f \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0628\u0648\u0639 \u060c \u0648\u0647\u0648 \u064a\u062c\u0648\u0644 \u0641\u064a\u00a0 \u0634\u0648\u0627\u0631\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0627\u0635\u0645\u0629 \u063a\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u0635\u062d\u0648\u0628 \u0628\u0633\u0627\u064a\u0633 \u060c \u0648\u0627\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0626\u0631 \u0642\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062f\u0648\u0644 \u062d\u0630\u0648\u0627 \u062d\u0630\u0648\u0647 \u0628\u0639\u062f \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u060c\u0648\u0643\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0627\u0644\u0628\u0627\u0634\u0648\u0627\u062a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0623\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0621 .<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u0628\u062f\u0627\u064a\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u064a\u0627\u0633\u064a :<\/span><\/h3>\n

\u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0645\u0633\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631\u0627 \u0645\u0644\u0643\u064a\u0627 \u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0639\u0627\u0631\u0641 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0628\u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e 30 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1929 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0639\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u0635\u0628\u062d \u0631\u0626\u064a\u0633\u0627 \u0644\u0642\u0633\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0631\u0627\u0641\u0639\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0647\u0644\u064a\u0629 .<\/h3>\n

\u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629\u00a0 \u0645\u0646\u0627\u0635\u0628 \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0627\u0647\u0627 :<\/h3>\n

1-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u062e\u0644\u0641\u0627 \u0644\u0646\u062e\u0644\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u064a\u0639\u064a \u0641\u064a \u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 ( \u0623\u063a\u0633\u0637\u0633 933- -27 \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1933 ) .<\/h3>\n

2-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0628\u062d\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0641\u062a\u0627\u062d \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u064a\u062d\u064a\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( \u0633\u0628\u062a\u0645\u0628\u0631 1933- 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1934 ) .<\/h3>\n

3-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0635\u0628\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( 27 \u064a\u0648\u0646\u064a\u0648 \u2013 14 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1940 ) .<\/h3>\n

4-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( 15 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1940- 31 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1941 ) .<\/h3>\n

5-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062e\u0627\u0631\u062c\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0629 ( 31 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1941- 4 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 1942 ) .<\/h3>\n

6-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u062f\u0644\u0627 \u0645\u0646 \u0633\u0627\u0628\u0627 \u062d\u0628\u0634\u064a \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 \u0635\u062f\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 ( 16 \u0641\u0628\u0631\u0627\u064a\u0631 9 \u062f\u064a\u0633\u0645\u0628\u0631 1946 ) .<\/h3>\n

7-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u0633\u064a\u0646 \u0633\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0631\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 ( 3 \u0646\u0648\u0641\u0645\u0628\u0631 1949- 12 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1950 ) .<\/h3>\n

8-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0632\u0631\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u062b\u0645 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0627\u0635\u0644\u0627\u062a \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u0645\u0627\u0647\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0627\u0644\u062b\u0629 ( 27 \u064a\u0646\u0627\u064a\u0631 1952- 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1952 ) .<\/h3>\n

9-\u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0644\u0644\u062a\u0645\u0648\u064a\u0646 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062a\u062c\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0635\u0646\u0627\u0639\u0629 \u0628\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0629 \u0623\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0646\u062c\u064a\u0628 \u0627\u0644\u0647\u0644\u0627\u0644\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 ( 1 \u0645\u0627\u0631\u0633 1952- 2 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 1952 ) . \u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u00a0<\/h3>\n

\u0623\u0647\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0625\u0646\u062c\u0627\u0632\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u064a \u0623\u0646\u062c\u0632\u0647\u0627 \u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0641\u062a\u0631\u0629 \u0639\u0645\u0644\u0647 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0648\u0632\u0627\u0631\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0633\u0639\u0629 :<\/span><\/h3>\n
    \n
  • \n

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  • \n

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      \n
    • \n

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    • \n

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      \u0645\u0631\u0627\u062c\u0639 \u0645\u062e\u062a\u0627\u0631\u0629 :<\/span><\/h3>\n

      1-\u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u0623\u0628\u0648 \u0627\u0644\u0646\u0648\u0631 :\u00a0 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u2013 \u0630\u0643\u0631\u064a\u0627\u062a ( 1891- 1952 ) \u060c \u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0635\u0641\u062d\u0627\u062a \u0645\u0646 \u062a\u0627\u0631\u064a\u062e \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0633\u0644\u0629 \u0631\u0642\u0645 ( 40) \u060c \u0645\u0643\u062a\u0628\u0629 \u0645\u062f\u0628\u0648\u0644\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0646 1999 .<\/h3>\n

      2-\u0648\u062c\u064a\u0647 \u0648\u0647\u0628\u0629\u00a0 : \u0632\u0645\u0646 \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a \u060c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0627\u0644\u064a\u0648\u0645 \u060c 7 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0629 2024 .<\/h3>\n

      3-\u0633\u0644\u064a\u0645\u0627\u0646 \u0634\u0641\u064a\u0642 : \u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a …. \u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u062d\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0633\u064a\u062d\u064a … \u0623\u0646\u0634\u0623 \u0633\u0644\u0627\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0637\u064a\u0631\u0627\u0646 \u0641\u064a \u0627\u0644\u062b\u0644\u0627\u062b\u064a\u0646\u0627\u062a … \u0648\u0633\u0639\u0649 \u0644\u0642\u0627\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u064a\u062d\u0645\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0622\u062b\u0627\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0645\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0633\u0631\u0642\u0629 \u060c\u0627\u0644\u0628\u0648\u0627\u0628\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u060c 30 \u064a\u0648\u0644\u064a\u0648 2022 .<\/h3>\n","protected":false},"excerpt":{"rendered":"

      \u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\/ \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644 \u00a0 \u0645\u064a\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0647 \u0648\u0646\u0634\u0623\u062a\u0647 : \u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0627\u0645 1885 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0631\u062c\u062d \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0631\u0627\u0621 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0644\u0643\u0646\u0647 \u0643\u0627\u0646 \u0648\u0628\u062d\u0643\u0645 \u0639\u0645\u0644 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u062f\u0647 \u064a\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u062f\u0646 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 . \u0648\u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u0623\u0633\u0631\u062a\u0647 \u062a\u0639\u062a\u0628\u0631 \u0645\u0646 \u0623\u0643\u0628\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0633\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0628\u0637\u064a\u0629 \u0641\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0631 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0643\u0627\u0646\u062a \u062a\u0645\u062a\u0644\u0643 1500 \u0641\u062f\u0627\u0646\u00a0 . \u0627\u0644\u062a\u062d\u0642 \u0628\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u062f\u0645\u0646\u0647\u0648\u0631 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u0628\u062a\u062f\u0627\u0626\u064a\u0629 \u00a0\u062e\u0644\u0627\u0644 \u0639\u0627\u0645 1891 \u00a0\u060c \u062b\u0645 \u0627\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0645\u0646\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u0631\u0633\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0629 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 […]<\/p>\n","protected":false},"author":6,"featured_media":12450,"comment_status":"open","ping_status":"open","sticky":false,"template":"","format":"standard","meta":{"inline_featured_image":false,"_mi_skip_tracking":false,"footnotes":""},"categories":[2],"tags":[],"class_list":["post-12449","post","type-post","status-publish","format-standard","has-post-thumbnail","hentry","category-2"],"yoast_head":"\n\u0635\u0644\u064a\u0628 \u0628\u0627\u0634\u0627 \u0633\u0627\u0645\u064a...\u0623\u0648\u0644 \u0648\u0632\u064a\u0631 \u0645\u062f\u0646\u064a 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