{"id":10590,"date":"2025-05-11T13:17:19","date_gmt":"2025-05-11T10:17:19","guid":{"rendered":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=10590"},"modified":"2025-05-11T13:17:19","modified_gmt":"2025-05-11T10:17:19","slug":"%d8%a3%d8%b9%d9%84%d8%a7%d9%85-%d9%85%d8%b5%d8%b1%d9%8a%d8%a9-%d8%b9%d8%a8%d8%af%d9%87-%d8%a7%d9%84%d8%ad%d8%a7%d9%85%d9%88%d9%84%d9%8a-%d9%85%d9%86-%d8%b1%d9%88%d8%a7%d8%af-%d8%a7%d9%84%d9%85","status":"publish","type":"post","link":"https:\/\/shorouknet.sha.edu.eg\/?p=10590","title":{"rendered":"\u0623\u0639\u0644\u0627\u0645 \u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a\u0629 ..\u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a ..\u0645\u0646 \u0631\u0648\u0627\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0639\u0631\u0628\u064a\u0629"},"content":{"rendered":"<p><span style=\"color: #ff0000;\">\u0625\u0639\u062f\u0627\u062f\/ \u0645\u0627\u062c\u062f \u0643\u0627\u0645\u0644<\/span><\/p>\n<p>\u0648\u0644\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644\u064a \u0641\u064a 18 \u0645\u0627\u064a\u0648\u00a0 1836 \u0628\u0642\u0631\u064a\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0645\u0648\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0627\u0628\u0639\u0629 \u0644\u0645\u0631\u0643\u0632 \u0645\u0646\u0648\u0641 \u0645\u062d\u0627\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0646\u0648\u0641\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0630\u0627\u0639 \u0635\u064a\u062a\u0647 \u0643\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u060c\u00a0 \u0623\u0646\u062a\u0642\u0644 \u0644\u0645\u062f\u064a\u0646\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0642\u0627\u0647\u0631\u0629 \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u0644\u062a\u0642\u064a \u0645\u0635\u0627\u062f\u0641\u0629\u00a0 \u0628\u0623\u062d\u062f \u062d\u0641\u0638\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u0627\u062f\u0648\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0634\u062d\u0627\u062a \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u062a\u0644\u0642\u0649 \u0639\u0644\u064a \u064a\u062f\u064a\u0647 \u0641\u0646\u0648\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u063a\u0646\u0627\u0621 \u060c \u0648\u0643\u0648\u0646 \u062a\u062e\u062a\u0627 \u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u064a\u0627 \u062e\u0627\u0635\u0627 \u0628\u0647\u00a0 . \u062b\u0645 \u062a\u0648\u0644\u0649 \u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u062b\u0645\u0627\u0646 ( 1855- 1900\u00a0 ) \u0648\u0645\u062d\u0645\u062f \u0639\u0628\u062f \u0627\u0644\u0631\u062d\u064a\u0645 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0633\u0644\u0648\u0628 (\u00a0 1793- 1928 )\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0\u00a0 ) \u0645\u0647\u0645\u0629 \u062a\u0644\u062d\u064a\u0646 \u0623\u063a\u0627\u0646\u064a\u0647 \u060c \u0648\u0639\u0646\u062f\u0645\u0627 \u0633\u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0627\u0644\u062e\u062f\u064a\u0648\u064a \u0625\u0633\u0645\u0627\u0639\u064a\u0644 (\u00a0 1830- 1895\u00a0 ) \u0623\u0639\u062c\u0628 \u0628\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0648\u0623\u0644\u062d\u0642\u0647 \u0628\u062d\u0627\u0634\u064a\u062a\u0647 . \u0648\u0623\u0635\u0637\u062d\u0628\u0647 \u0645\u0639\u0647 \u0641\u064a \u0631\u062d\u0644\u062a\u0647 \u0625\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0622\u0633\u062a\u0627\u0646\u0629 \u060c \u062d\u064a\u062b \u0623\u062a\u064a\u062d\u062a \u0644\u0647 \u0641\u0631\u0635\u0629 \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0639\u0631\u0641 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0648\u0633\u064a\u0642\u0649 \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0642\u0627\u0645\u0627\u062a \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0648\u0628\u0630\u0644\u0643 \u0623\u0633\u062a\u0637\u0627\u0639 \u0623\u0646 \u064a\u0642\u062f\u0645 \u0623\u0644\u062d\u0627\u0646\u0627 \u062a\u062c\u0645\u0639 \u0628\u064a\u0646 \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u0645\u0635\u0631\u064a \u0648\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0632\u0627\u062c \u0627\u0644\u062a\u0631\u0643\u064a\u00a0 \u0648\u062a\u062d\u0645\u0644 \u0627\u0644\u0637\u0627\u0628\u0639 \u0627\u0644\u0634\u0631\u0642\u064a \u0627\u0644\u0623\u0635\u064a\u0644 . \u0648\u0641\u064a \u0639\u0627\u0645 1901 \u0648\u0642\u0628\u0644 \u0648\u0641\u0627\u062a\u0647 \u0628\u0623\u0633\u0627\u0628\u064a\u0639 \u0642\u0644\u064a\u0644\u0629 \u060c \u0633\u062c\u0644 \u0628\u0639\u0636 \u0623\u0639\u0645\u0627\u0644\u0647 \u0639\u0644\u0649 \u0623\u0633\u0637\u0648\u0627\u0646\u0627\u062a \u0634\u0645\u0639\u064a\u0629 \u060c \u0625\u0644\u0627 \u0627\u0646 \u0631\u062f\u0627\u0621\u062a\u0647\u0627 \u0644\u0645 \u062a\u0633\u0645\u062d \u0644\u0647\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0646\u062a\u0634\u0627\u0631 \u0648\u0627\u0633\u0639 \u0644\u0647\u0627 . \u0623\u0631\u062a\u0628\u0637 \u0623\u0633\u0645\u0647 \u0643\u062b\u064a\u0631\u0627 \u0628\u0627\u0644\u0645\u0637\u0631\u0628\u0629 &#8221; 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